中国淡水红藻研究进展

淡水红藻是藻类植物进化中的一个重要类群.文章综述了淡水红藻的主要特征,回顾了其研究历史和我国淡水红藻的研究进展,包括区系分类、系统发育、生理生态等方面.同时,也对我国该领域今后研究的发展方向做了展望.     

微电流电解对铜绿微囊藻的持续抑制研究

采用微电流电解法处理水体中的铜绿微囊藻,重点研究电解对藻类的持续抑制效能．结果表明：阳极材料对电解持续抑藻效果影响较大,4种材料效果依次为钌钛〉铂钛〉不锈钢〉铱钛;阴极材料对电解持续抑藻的效果影响较小;选择钌钛作阳极,不锈钢为阴极;电解时间和电流密度对持续抑藻效能影响较大,20min的电解时间和15mA／cm2的电流密度即可实现对藻细胞生长的完全持续抑制,但藻液的光密度和叶绿素a值并未在电解结束时立即大幅降低,而是在后期培养过程中呈逐渐下降趋势,显示出微电流电解对铜绿微囊藻具有良好的持续抑制效果．     

饮用水中藻类及藻毒素去除技术进展

水体富营养化日趋严重,藻类及藻毒素给饮用水处理带来很多不利影响,对饮用水中藻类与藻毒素去除技术从物理、化学、生物及其他方法进行具体论述,系统分析了各种技术的去除效果和局限性,并对饮用水中藻类及藻毒素去除技术进行了展望。     

大连星海湾底栖海藻及其季节性变化

2006年9月至2007年8月对大连星海湾的底栖海藻进行了调查.共鉴定底栖海藻75种,隶属于31科44属.其中红藻门36种,褐藻门20种,绿藻门19种.结果表明,星海湾海藻的种数、生物量、垂直分布、生殖及其盛衰情况等都发生了明显的季节性变化;对该海区的区系性质作了分析,确定该海区海藻区系性质为暖温带性.     

圈扇藻Zonaria diesingiana中的新糖脂化合物

 从褐藻圈扇藻Zonaria diesingiana的乙醇提取物中首次分离得到一个新化合物,经由NMR、MS、IR等波谱方法鉴定为3-正十六烷酰氧基-2-(16″Z)-二十一碳烯酰氧基丙三醇1-β-D-半乳糖甙。     

采用预测模型预测水库水的藻类生长潜力

利用南方某水库原水模拟藻类的原始生长条件,通过探讨水体中初始氮磷浓度与藻类生长潜力之间的相互关系,建立了以初始总氮和总磷浓度为因子的藻类生长潜力回归模型;通过对藻类生物量变化与各种环境因子变化的回归分析,筛选出溶解氧、氨氮和总磷作为影响藻类生物量最显著的变化因子,并以这些变化因子建立了藻类生长速率回归模型．验证结果表明,两个模型的预测值与实测值吻合程度良好,具有较高的准确性和实用性．     

Impact of acidification on phytoplankton and zooplankton communities

Summary Literature concerning the impacts of acidification on the phytoplankton and zooplankton composition has been reviewed. Available data on the species richness and composition of phytoplankton, attached algae and zooplankton of acidifying systems have been summarized. The effects of water acidification on the primary productivity and biomass of zooplankton have been discussed.     

新疆维吾尔自治区绿藻初记

文中报道了我国新疆维吾尔自治区的淡水绿藻１４属３１种，其中大隐毛藻是中国首次记录。     

Growth ofNostoc muscorum mutants in the presence of diuron (DCMU) and L-methionine-DL-sulfoximine

Summary Diuron (DCMU) is inhibitory to the photoautotrophic and photoheterotrophic growth of the N₂-fixing blue-green algaNostoc muscorum at concentrations of 1.0×10^–5 M and 2.0×10^–5 M, respectively. A mutant of this organism resistant to 5.0×10^–5 M DCMU under its photoheterotrophic growth conditions, with the ability to utilize DCMU as a carbon and nitrogen source for growth, and complete inability to grow photoautotrophically has been isolated. With the apparent defect in its photosynthetic ability, it is suggested that theDCMU ^r mutant lacks the step inhibited by 1.0×10^–5 M DCMU, and metabolizes DCMU by an existing enzyme system in the absence of such inhibition. That this enzyme may be glutamine synthetase (GS) is explained with the help of a L-methionine-DL-sulfoximine (MSO)-resistant mutant ofN. muscorum which is able to grow faster with 2.0×10^–5 DCMU and is known to contain an altered GS.Thanks are due to the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, CSIR Complex, Govt. of India, New Delhi-110012, for appointing the author to the Scientists' Pool for undertaking researches on the physiological and genetic controls of nitrogen metabolism in blue-green algae, a part of which is presented in this literature.